It covers much of Greenland, and nearly half of Canada's total area, including Labrador, most of Quebec north of the St. Lawrence River, and much of Ontario, including northern sections of the southern peninsula between the Great Lakes. What is the climate in Canadian Shield? For example, in Alberta, Canada, it plunges under the mountains and plains to form a foundation under the province and it also stretches to the Western Cordillera in the west and Appalachians in the east, though the formations remain underground (HCF 2007). boreal climate The climate associated with the boreal (taiga) forest zone of Eurasia, where it extends to 6570N in the west and 50N in the east, and North America, where it extends from the fringe of the tundra southwards to 55N in the east. Figure 1: Northwestern Manitoba - This photograph, taken in northwestern Manitoba, shows an aerial view of gravel ridges that mark the location of crevasses in the ice sheet that once covered the Canadian Shield.Each ridge is about 3 metres high and 10 metres wide. Composed almost entirely of volcanic rock, often exposed to the elements or with a thin layer of topsoil, the Canadian Shield is one of the most defining geographic features of Canada. Our team will be reviewing your submission and get back to you with any further questions. During the Pleistocene Epoch (2.6 million to 11,700 years ago), the vast continental glaciers that covered northern North America had this region as a centre. Human Activity - Enjoy the Boreal Shield How would you describe the Canadian Shield? Since it is such a wide region, there are varying climates, soils, natural vegetation all across the Boreal Shield. It snows approximately nine months a year, leaving three months for a cool, short summer(average temperature 14.8C). Climate Data Canada What is the climate in the boreal forest? All rights reserved. Learn why ClimateData.ca uses an ensemble of 24 climate models to get a better grasp of what the future may look like. Its warm in the summer, but it gets cool in the fall, and cold in the winter. Lakes are largely the result of glacial erosion during the last ice age. The Canadian Shield | Map, Location & Formation - Video & Lesson Canadian Shield | The Canadian Encyclopedia However, by some definitions these submerged regions are not technically part of the Shield since they are not on the surface. Canadian Biodiversity: Ecozones: Taiga Shield The Boreal Shield ecozone is a main contributor to the Canadian economy not only with its economic activities but also with its pure fresh air, water, food, recreation, and wildlife. It is marked by cool summers (except the Lac Seul Upland area which has warm summers) and very cold winters. The first modern hard-rock mine in the Canadian Shield, near Madoc, Ontario, opened in 1866 after gold was found there. Learn about ANUSPLIN, the interpolation tool used to create gridded historical datasets. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Typical Canadian Shield: pines, lakes, bogs, and rock. Climate & Weather Averages in Resolute Bay, Nunavut, Canada For a plain-language summary, please see Canadian Shield (Plain Language Summary).). Join our newsletter for periodic updates. Two main climate types are found in this region. Locations. Canadian Shield - Wikipedia In the southern parts, the climate is seasonal; the average temperature in the winter is -. Get summary information about how climate change is affecting areas you care about so you can see how climate change is impacting local areas of interest. Various minerals and precious stones have been mined or continue to be mined on the Shield, including gold, silver, copper, zinc, nickel, iron, uranium and diamonds. Animals in the Arctic portion of the Shield include polar bears, Arctic fox, Arctic hares, snowy owls and rock ptarmigan. Impact modelling suggests that, although overall economic impacts may be slightly positive in the short term at moderate degrees of warming, further warming and associated changes in climate will overwhelm systems, causing net economic losses . 4 degrees F (-18 degrees C), and in the summer it is 77 degrees F (25 degrees C). Canadian Shield (Plain-Language Summary) Canadas first diamond mine called Ekati opened there in 1998. . Occurring about 1 billion years ago, the Grenville Orogeny created the Grenville Mountain Range, stretching from Qubec through Ontario and down the eastern side of the continent to Texas. This arrangement was caused by severe glaciation during the ice age, which covered the Shield and scraped the rock clean. As mountains erode, their roots rise and are eroded in turn. Topography - Canada - area ClimateData.ca is a climate data portal produced collaboratively by the countrys leading climate organizations and supported, in part, by the Government of Canada. Other birds include boreal owls , great horned owls, blue jays and white-throated sparrows, while mammals include caribou, deer, wolves, lynx, moose, black bears and beavers . Deciduous Forest 4. Learn about the latest set of emissions scenarios, based on Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs). Behind the Canadian Shield | Canadian Geographic During this glaciation, the Shield was covered by the Laurentide Ice Sheet, a giant expanse of ice as much as 3 km thick. The growing season is only 60 days in duration. The climate of most of this ecoregion ranges from low to high subarctic, with cool summers and very cold winters. Thousands of fresh water bodies feed into the Bay, resulting in a lower salinity than the surrounding ocean. Find out which ones could be most relevant to you. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Applachian impact of climate change, Appalachian province, Cordillera province and more. As mountains erode, their roots rise and are eroded in turn. The growing season of about 120 days coincides with . It has over 150 volcanic belts (now deformed and eroded down to nearly flat plains) that range from 600 to 1,200 million years old. While Canada's fertility rate is 1.53 births per woman, below the population replacement rate, the population continues to grow as migration plays an increasing role in the population. The Labrador Current brings cold water south of the Arctic. Canada geography, maps, climate, environment and terrain from Canada Tundra 2. Climate - Canadian Shield Temperate Deciduous Forest: The southeastern United States is part of the temperate deciduous forest biome. The mountain region itself experiences year round snow in high elevations, significant rain on the western windward side and minimal precipitation on the leeward side resulting in a south-western desert landscape. Some of the regions natural resources include timber, such as maple, birch, aspen, fir and spruce; water from rivers and lakes created by long-retreated glaciers; and minerals, such as titanium, uranium, copper, iron, nickel, gold, zinc, silver, platinum and diamonds. The southern temperate regions receive up to 1016mm (40) of rainfall evenly throughout the year. Past weather data includes: temperature, snow, snow on ground, precipitation, rain, wind speed and direction, heating and cooling degree days, visibility, humidex, wind chill and relative humidity in Canada. The Great Lakes have a significant impact on the Canadian climate. At 5 million km2, the Shield makes up roughly 50 per cent of Canadas land mass. The Canadian Shield is dominated by the boreal forest ecosystem. Snowfall is abundant in the north, which receives the least sunshine of fewer than 1500 hours annually. The southern part has 15 hours of daylight in the sumer and in the winter there is about 8.5 hours of daylight. Listing total number of features into an ArcGIS Online feature pop-up, Coldest 1. [19] In the case of polar bears (Ursus maritimus), the Shield area contains many of their denning locations, such as the Wapusk National Park. Southern Ontario is one of the densest regions in the country. Comparable to sandpaper on wood, these forces slowly wore down the mountains, so that by about 800 million years ago, the low-relief surface of the Shield had been created. The climate in the boreal forest is characterized by long, very cold, dry winters and short, cool, moist summers. Home Page. It covers 8,000,000 square kilometers. The resulting surface consists of rocky, ice-smoothed hills with an average relief of 30 metres (100 feet), together with irregular basins, which are mostly filled by lakes or swamps. In places the old mountain ranges may be recognized by hills several hundreds of metres in height. Learn about emissions scenarios to consider a range of possible futures and minimize risk. As the ice retreated from the southern part of present-day Canada a process that began as recently as 11,000 years ago it cut the basins of the Great Lakes as well as the thousands of lakes throughout the Canadian Shield. It does not store any personal data. The range's highest peak is Nunavut's Barbeau Peak at 2,616 metres (8,583ft) above sea level. This is one of the largest-known meteorite impact craters on Earth, though not as large as the Sudbury crater; it is currently ranked 5th, while Sudbury is 3rd. The North American craton is the bedrock forming the heart of the North American continent and the Canadian Shield is the largest exposed part of the craton's bedrock. The population in the Canadian Shield is somewhere around 7 million . Climate is not only wholly dependent on these regions, however. Spanning the width of North America, Canada is the worlds second largest country after Russia, and home to a diverse topography that ranges from deserts to tundra, plus coastlines that rim not only the Great Lakes but also three of the worlds five oceans. Precipitation comes in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail. The Shield is covered in parts by vast boreal forests in the south that support natural ecosystems as well as a major logging industry. Vegetation. It is covered with relatively thin layers of soil, gravel, etc. The mixed coniferous and deciduous tress can survive in the poor and unproductive mountain soil, and flourish on the plateaus and in the rivers. Mountains have deep roots and float on denser mantle, much like an iceberg at sea. Cool summer temperatures can actually produce higher photosynthetic efficiency in plants than can warmer conditions. For a plain-language summary, please see Canadian Shield (Plain Language Summary). Winters are about six too eight months long. Climate data web site is a gateway to information on matters such as past weather, climate normals, historical radar, almanac averages and extremes, and engineering climate data. Natural hazards - Canada.ca Smaller predators include the coyote, red and arctic fox, muskrat, wolverine, weasel, mink, marten, otter, and least weasel. The climate here features long, cold winters and short, cool summers. Climate Snowy Terrain 21. Land in the Tundra region consists of lowlands, plateaus, mountains, and ice caps. A warming climate and a map that stretches quite literally to the ends of the Earthplenty of land for planting, development and the likemake Canada's agriculture future look bright, but . In the northern part of the Canadian Shield they get 5 hours of daylight in the winter and 24 hours in the summer months. Canadian Shield, one of the world's largest geologic continental shields, centred on Hudson Bay and extending for 8 million square km (3 million square miles) over eastern, central, and northwestern Canada from the Great Lakes to the Canadian Arctic and into Greenland, with small extensions into northern Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, and New In northern Canada, much of this forest rests on the Canadian . Transitional between the tundra and the boreal forests is the Northern Canadian Shield Taiga ecoregion, characterized by low-lying bushes because of the increasingly severe weather and unsuitable soil conditions (WWF, 2001). The town prospered during the silver rush of the early 20th century, before going into decline in the 1920s. Similarly, the Shield also contains major uranium deposits, found around Great Bear Lake in the Northwest Territories, in northern Saskatchewan, and at Elliot Lake, Ontario. The Canadian Shield Taylor, Rachel, Jessica, Artem, & Luc 3. ClimateData.ca is supported by the Canadian Centre for Climate Services (CCCS) of Environment and Climate Change Canada as part of its efforts to provide Canadians with easy access to climate related data and to help increase their resilience to climate change. It was split into Greenland, Laurasia, Scotland, Siberia, East Antarctica and is now roughly situated in the Arctic around the current North Pole. The Shield can be thought of as a jigsaw puzzle of different crustal blocks, sometimes known as provinces, welded together over time. It covers much of Greenland, all of Labrador and the Great Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland, most of Quebec north of the St. Lawrence River, much of Ontario including northern sections of the Ontario Peninsula, the Adirondack Mountains[6] of New York, the northernmost part of Lower Michigan and all of Upper Michigan, northern Wisconsin, northeastern Minnesota, the central and northern portions of Manitoba away from Hudson Bay, northern Saskatchewan, a small portion of northeastern Alberta,[7] mainland Northwest Territories to the east of a line extended north from the Saskatchewan-Alberta border, most of Nunavut's mainland and, of its Arctic Archipelago, Baffin Island and significant bands through Somerset, Southampton, Devon and Ellesmere islands. At night, desert temperatures fall to an average of -3.9 degrees celsius (about 25 degrees fahrenheit). How many hours of Daylight does the Canadian Shield have? While the bare rock, thin soils, muskeg and insects of the Shield made living there difficult, the development of resource-based industries, such as mining and forestry, promoted increased settlement. In the southern parts, the climate is seasonal; the average temperature in the winter is -.4 degrees F (-18 degrees C), and in the summer it is 77 degrees F (25 degrees C). The Innu made their home on the Shield in what is now Qubec and Labrador, while the Cree, Anishinaabeg and Mtis occupied large swaths of the region through Qubec, Ontario, Manitoba,Saskatchewan and Alberta. Canadian Shield 1. With the exception of the Canadian Shield, the rocks of the North American Craton are buried deep within the continent and covered by soil and other material. The North American craton is the bedrock forming the heart of the North American continent and the Canadian Shield is the largest exposed part of the craton's bedrock. The Canadian Shield is so large that the climate varies across it.
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